This paper aims to investigate whether there is a correlation between individuals’ socioeconomic status and the prevalence and severity of eating and sleeping disorders. The current study attempts to explain this link from an evolutionary psychology perspective. This study discusses past literature that showed the prevalence and severity of eating and sleeping disorders positively or negatively correlating with factors like mating, social impacts and working, then predicts a positive correlation between a less commonly investigated factor, socioeconomic status, and the prevalence and severity of eating and sleeping disorders. The research proposal suggests that in a correlational study, 1000 participants will complete a questionnaire as a measurement of their socioeconomic status and the prevalence and severity of eating and/or sleeping disorders. A longitudinal study will follow up the data for 12 months. A multiple regression will be conducted. If results are found significant, implications of our findings could be applied both socially and clinically. If a non-significant result is found, the direction of future studies is suggested, including using multiple research methods for further investigation and attempting to establish a causal relationship between the chosen variables.

This study explores the influence of studying abroad on ingroup bias and collective self-esteem among Chinese international students in the US. Given the cultural differences between the two countries, Chinese students may face challenges and even discrimination when socializing with the host nationals. From the social identity perspective, such negative experiences can intensify feelings of being an outsider, leading to stronger adherence to their familiar group. In addition, to strengthen their social identity they may emphasize the positive attributes of the ingroup they belong to, which also enhances collective self-esteem. The present study hypothesizes that Chinese international students will exhibit higher ingroup bias and collective self-esteem related to their nationality than domestic Chinese students. Using a minimal group paradigm, the research aims to determine if overseas experiences heighten ingroup bias and collective self-esteem even without real-context comparisons. The findings provide insights into the complexities of cross-cultural interactions and the psychological impacts of studying abroad.

From the perspective of evolutionary psychology, the evolution of human parenting styles is delved into, considering various mechanisms and factors influencing it. The primary focus is placed on how these parenting styles have been changed over time and influenced by different cultures.The paper analyzes five key evolutionary mechanisms and their impact on parenting styles.The first mechanism explores how the transition from polygamous mating to normative monogamy in history increased paternal investment in offspring. The second mechanism delves into how cultural differences between Eastern and Western societies have shaped distinct parenting styles. The third evolutionary mechanism examines how different family structures have led to variations in child-rearing approaches.The fourth point discusses how the progress of women's status in society has brought about shifts in marital dynamics and parenting practices. Lastly, building upon the fourth evolutionary mechanism, the paper analyzes the relationship between the advancement of women's status, increased divorce rates, and the consequent influence on parenting styles within single-parent families.The overarching conclusion drawn from this paper is that human parenting styles, from ancient nomadic periods to contemporary societies, have evolved in response to various evolutionary mechanisms and changing environmental factors. Parenting decisions are intricately tied to specific temporal, spatial, and environmental contexts, ultimately serving the goals of reproduction and survival. Valuable insights into the evolution of parenting styles have been provided, emphasizing the importance of considering a variety of influences when studying human behavior.

This essay investigates the impact of bilingualism, specifically learning English as a second language, on the creative thinking of Chinese-speaking children. Bilingualism's influence on cognitive functioning, particularly creative thinking, has been widely debated, with studies showing varying results. The study includes Chinese monolinguals and Chinese-English bilinguals from different age groups, with the aim of exploring potential differences in creative thinking between the two groups. To assess creative thinking, a battery of standardized creativity tests adapted to the Chinese language and culture is used, including linguistic, figural, and ideational tasks. The results are analyzed using a mixed-method approach, considering the effects of bilingualism, age-related changes, and task-specific differences. Expected outcomes may include identifying a bilingual advantage in certain aspects of creative thinking, age-related variations in creative thinking skills, and task-specific disparities. This research provides insights into the complex relationship between bilingualism, cognitive functioning, and creative thinking, particularly within the context of Chinese-speaking children. The findings have implications for educational practices, curriculum development, and language learning strategies, highlighting the importance of considering language and culture when studying the impact of bilingualism on cognitive functioning and creative thinking. This study emphasizes the significance of investigating the effects of specific language pairs on cognition and creative thinking, shedding light on the potential advantages and challenges associated with bilingualism.

The present study asks whether Nature or nurture is important for feral children to acquire grammar. Two different experiments are carried out to prove the significance of Nature and nurture with one type of participant because the previous research mainly focused on the case study of one participant on Nature and nurture. This study combines and measures both to better determine the connection. The differences in input, like with or without feedback and correction, will show the relationship between Nature and nurture and whether they are both essential. Through the picture-speaking and nurture experiments, it is assumed that input is pivotal in presenting Nature and nurture prepositions. In addition, this study will be helpful for the latter study by pointing out problems with limitations.

This study will analyze the influence of educational video games on English vocabulary retention in Chinese children’s second language acquisition. This study base on the situated learning theory and the ABC reading which is both mobile and web-based is adopted as educational game in this research. This experiment takes the Chinese primary school students with an average age of 9-10 years old as experimental subjects, and set three groups of these Chinese students including the control group. By comparing the amounts of words they can remember at different times after learning, researchers can judge whether the educational video games have any influence on students' language learning. Through the experiment, We hypothesis that the video games will have a positive effect on children’s second language learning acquisition. On this basis, video games can be used as tools for language learning to provide more effective learning methods during the process of studying.

Adolescence, as a turning point in the human life, denotes the process of maturation and reaching adulthood. Based on the empirical findings presented above, the objective of this study is to investigate whether gender serves as a determinant in these pressures and their associations. Two questionnaires are used in the work, one is the ASQ (Adolescent Stress Questionnaire) and one is the DASS-21 (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale). The data used in study were obtained from a sample of more than 120 students in 10 classrooms (3 schools), aged between 12 and 18 years. The data obtained through investigation and research shows that adolescent stress levels are not significantly reflected in gender differences, and there is a significant correlation between ASQ and DASS. The effects of the relationship between the gender difference are still unclear, and so further research must be conducted.

This research looks at a variety of aspects related to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), such as symptoms, possible factors diagnosis, and treatment methods. OCD's distinctive ritualistic compulsions, which frequently manifest as uncontrollable thought and behavior patterns, are brought on by distressing obsessions. According to this study neurotransmitter and Corticostriatal circuits’ abnormalities have been linked to this disorder, although the exact cause is still unknown. Increased susceptibility among blood relations of sick individuals suggests a role for genetics. Obsessions and compulsions are diagnosed based on predetermined criteria that highlight their irrationality and disruptive nature. The connection between obsessive thoughts and anxiety can be broken by a number of treatments, the foundation of which is behavioral therapy. By gradually confronting anxiety-inducing circumstances, exposure and response prevention (ERP) has proven successful. According to this paper the main objectives of cognitive therapy are to address dysfunctional thought processes, such as overestimating threats or taking on excessive responsibility. This paper contends that by cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) combining behavioral and cognitive elements is both economical and efficient. The studies under review in this paper demonstrate differences in treatment effectiveness, accentuating the necessity for more studies with larger sample sizes in making definitive judgments on treatment outcomes.

Family parenting has an important influence on children's learning motivation, especially the difference between paternal parenting and maternal parenting. This paper investigates the influence of paternal parenting style and maternal parenting style on children's learning motivation through questionnaire survey. The results show that different ways of paternal parenting and maternal parenting have different effects on promoting children's learning motivation. Paternal parenting style is simpler and more direct, but it has a significant impact on children's learning motivation, while children under maternal parenting style are more optimistic. We think this is closely linked with the three learning theories. The information here provides readers with a comparison of the influence of paternal parenting and maternal parenting on children's learning motivation, and shows that the parenting style suitable for children is the best parenting style.

People exist in an era where for one aspect of life to exist, it has to be dependent on another aspect. Such that to fully be operational, an aspect has to rely on another aspect. For instance, to run a business to fruition, one must be able to have the necessary and needed educational background in that arena. Researchers have indicated that aspects of education and business management have to work hand in hand to ensure a level of fruition at the end of the day. This is in line with the mode of education put into play to ensure a certain attainment of given work at hand. Over the years, it has been evident that for a business to run smoothly there is the dire need for some sort of educational background of all aspects concerned. Such that, to engage in a business such as fish farming, and to adequately manage it with the right skills, there is the need to get the right education or educated personnel on that field. The needed skill will then be able to inform the farmer fully of the needed materials, and resources to manage and run the business. The above scenario is a clear indication that in any particular business, there is much-needed skill and knowledge in a particular field to ensure fruition. Therefore, the paper will be keen to address the definition of business management in line with education and go ahead to define education in line with business management. Similarly, the paper will look into the major correlation between business management and education and the impacts thereof. To that end, the paper will proceed to look at the debates and arguments by various scholars in the field of business management and the educational bit attached to it. Further, the paper will look into the whole concept of over reliance of education as a mode of attainment of the best business management practices. The paper will thus conclude by providing a detailed summary of what has been addressed throughout the paper, providing a personal opinion on the best approach to business practices.

This study explores the impact of the Double-Reduction Policy on middle school students' study habits, academic performance, and overall wellbeing. The policy aims to reduce academic stress by decreasing homework load and classroom hours. Through this research, we examine the diverse effects that this policy has on students' perceptions and experiences. The majority of students see the policy favourably; they report lower levels of stress, better sleep habits, and more free time for extracurricular activities. However, concerns about a perceived lack of readiness for future academic activities as well as a decreased academic challenge and falling enthusiasm are voiced, especially among high achievers. With an emphasis on the function of observational learning, self-efficacy beliefs, modeling actions, and the dynamic interaction of personal and environmental elements, social cognitive theory provides a theoretical framework to comprehend the observed behaviors and results. This research highlights the necessity for balanced policies that promote well-being while retaining academic rigor as well as the need of taking into account individual variances in students' reactions to policy changes. These findings hold significant implications for teachers and policymakers. It highlights the need of educational policy that takes into account the varied life experiences of students in order to improve their health and success in school. More study is required to figure out how these policies will play out in the long run and what elements will have the most impact on individual outlooks and experiences.

This paper examines the relationship between the economic recession and the high suicidal rates in Japan during the post-economic bubble in the late 1990s and early 2000s. The aim of the study is to explore the relationship between the economic recession, mental health, suicide prevalence and sociocultural dynamics. The literature review and empirical analysis show compelling evidence linking economic instability, financial distress, and unemployment to increased suicide rates. In addition, this paper explores the interplay of cultural factors for instance, stigma surrounding mental health and collective norms, in explaining the vulnerability experienced by individuals during economic recessions and hard times. Key findings emphasize the role of economic stability in increasing vulnerabilities as well as the effects of unemployment, familial relationships and self-esteem. The findings also show that the societal pressure to adhere to traditional roles, especially in times of economic uncertainty, is a key stressor affecting mental well-being. The study advocates for detailed research strategies such as interviews and surveys to further investigate causal relationships. This research provides key insights into the varying factors that contribute to suicide during economic crises, suggesting the need for holistic interventions that address both sociocultural and economic dimensions.

This paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of English cartoons in helping Chinese children adjust their English pronunciation. The primary participants will be primary school students just beginning their English language learning journey. Through reviewing previous studies and conducting experimental research, this piece of work aims to improve current teaching methods for primary school students. The study adopts a quantitative data analysis approach, utilizing t-tests and ANCOVA to analyze the participants’ pronunciation scores before and after watching English cartoons. Conducting such a test is certainly worthwhile, as the results will provide researchers interested in exploring the function of cartoons in pedagogical theories with a firsthand model and, hopefully, a repeatable experimental method. The conclusions of this research may also assist schools and educational institutions in better-utilizing cartoons and other similar mediums, promoting productive development in children's education. Although this research will be conducted with certain limitations, such as age restrictions among participants and potential external factors related to using cartoons as a new media in traditional educational methods, researchers have recognized these challenges. They will make every effort to regulate them.

The formation of attachment style is closely related to the development of children and the formation of intimate relationship, which is an important subject in the field of psychology. Some previous studies have found significant gender differences in insecure attachment and romantic attachment styles in adulthood. Women crave secure attachment more than men do. When it comes to romantic attachment, men are more avoidant, while women show more anxiety. This paper searches and collates relevant theories and studies, integrating the physiological and psychosocial factors that lead to this difference. In the course of biological evolution, survival, reproduction, and sexual division of labor provide reliable explanations for the differences in the physical, psychological, and social experiences of men and women. Despite the limitations of the current study and the controversy surrounding the findings, a study of cognition in gay and straight groups provides an important clue that an individual's overall cognitive pattern shows a higher correlation with cognitive gender than with biological sex. In future studies, the determination of "gender" from the previous biological sex to cognitive sex selection may help to obtain more accurate experimental results.

The veto power of the permanent members of the Security Council has always been a topic of intense discussion, and its historical and complex characteristics mean that it cannot be easily resolved. Veto reform proposals for permanent members of the Security Council have been floating around the international community, but no real changes have been made. Based on the background of the veto, the current situation of the veto abuse, the reform of the veto mechanism, the increase of permanent seats, and the establishment of the monitoring mechanism, this paper makes a critical analysis of the Security Council and puts forward suggestions for reform. This paper proposes the second negative, international organizations as individuals to enter the UN Security Council and so on, which provides a new way of thinking for the reform of the Security Council. The purpose is to promote the fairness and justice of the Security Council, meet the vital interests of more countries, and enable the Security Council to better perform its duties and maintain peace and security of the international community.

Understanding the motivations behind selfless actions within romantic relationships is a pivotal area of research, intricately intertwined with an individual's character, values, and societal and cultural influences. This article delves into the nuanced interplay of motives driving sacrificial behaviors in romantic partnerships. "Sacrifice" in this context refers to forsaking immediate desires for the betterment of the relationship or a partner's happiness. Through the lenses of social exchange theory, attachment styles, self-determination theory, love, emotional connection, commitment, and cultural influences, this paper explores when, why, and how individuals are inclined to make sacrifices in romantic relationships. It emphasizes the importance of maintaining healthy boundaries in the face of excessive sacrifice, highlighting the delicate balance between dedication and well-being within relationships. This comprehensive analysis offers insights into the intricate dynamics that underlie selflessness in the context of love, devotion, and intimate connections.

There are five parts of the paper. Introduction gives a rough idea of what will be covered and what it all relates to and summarizes it. The second part is the relationship between early experiences and character formation, stating in segments that if a child is not well protected and treated in childhood, he or she may face many problems in future life in terms of psychological or social functioning, as well as describing how this can be a trigger for many illnesses. The third section talks about the link between personality traits and intimate relationships, such as the fact that more responsible partners can maintain longer marital relationships and feel happier. The fourth section describes the relationship between personality and violence, focusing on IPV and domestic violence. As mentioned in the second section, some people with personality disorders are violent to some degree and are used to solving problems with violence. The last conclusion is the thoughts that have been provoked by so many articles and research.

In this paper, the researcher explored the factors associated with different teaching objectives of American and Chinese high school teachers. The semi-structured interviews were conducted with a group of teachers who have rich experience teaching in American or Chinese high schools to understand (1) their teaching objectives, (2) the educational goals of the school, (3) their teaching styles and (4) why they want to be a teacher. Results concluded three key factors: (1) the effect of the school’s educational goals; (2) the importance of students’ reactions and classroom environment; (3) how personal values and interests influence teachers’ goals.

This article explores role of the State Duma in shaping the destinies of key political parties, particularly the Constitutional Democratic Party (Kadets) and the Bolsheviks, prior to the Russian Revolutions of 1917. Despite its failure to avert the revolutions, the State Duma was instrumental in shaping the future trajectories of the participating parties. Utilizing a framework that combines power dynamics and historical analysis, the essay scrutinizes the State Duma's role in Russian power dynamics and its impact on the future trajectories of Russian political parties. The essay provides an interpretation of the Kadets' and Bolsheviks' fates through their attitudes, idealism, and interactions with this experimental legislative body.

This study explores the intricate relationship between income and private education in China, focusing on how income levels affect access and quality of education. It analyzes the correlation between household income and private school enrollment rates, shedding light on educational decision-making in a changing societal landscape. Additionally, the research examines whether private education can facilitate upward mobility for lower-income students. The study's insights inform policymakers, educators, parents, and researchers on enhancing educational access, reducing inequality, and maintaining academic standards in the context of increasing private schools. It contributes to the discourse on educational justice amid socioeconomic transformation.