In preschool education, teachers will use some scattered and basic teaching approaches to help children broaden their sensory boundaries and collect information to support the teaching in science education. Children’s understanding of scientific concepts needs to be complemented by richer teaching approaches, such as imagination and drama; Or a more complete teaching mode or teaching stage. Teaching moment and teaching forms also affect children’s understanding of scientific concepts, but so far the researches has not been thoroughly discussed. Different teaching moments in the teaching process will produce different effects. Providing scientific concepts or detailed explanations at appropriate moment will facilitate understanding of the concepts. In terms of forms, discourse and body language fuse together to facilitate children’s understanding of scientific concepts.

In recent years, with the development of the Internet, the Internet provides us with endless resources, and the development of mobile communication technology makes college students use screen time in most of their lives. Many different network technologies, apps, etc., have a great impact on college students’ foreign language learning. How to use screen time to improve students’ foreign language learning ability and promote the development of education has become the focus of foreign language teaching. Through a questionnaire survey of 20 college students and a semi-structured interview, and through the analysis of the data, it is found that more college students tend to use mobile assisted learning (MALL) to learn English, but it also leads to more problems. From the perspective of college students, this paper discusses the impact of screen time on college students, as well as the opportunities and challenges brought by MALL to college students’ English learning.

The study of principals’ digital leadership plays a significant role in the digital management of schools as well as in improving the learning experience for students. This paper systematically researches the characteristics, connotations, and evaluation methods of digital leadership and discusses how it differs from information leadership, as well as the various dimensions that need to be considered when evaluating digital leadership. As a result of various researches on the connotations and evaluations of the principal’s digital leadership, this paper also aims to explore the different promotion paths based on our research. The paper demonstrates how digital leadership, which is an entirely distinct form of leadership that is transformed into a transformative leadership style, has a positive impact on educators, students, parents, and communities and that all levels of school systems need to take steps to ensure principals are held more accountable in the administrative and academic spheres.

This paper aims to provide a new aspect to explore the learning styles of Chinese students. After reading through previous research about the characteristics or learning styles of Chinese students, this paper found that most Western researchers considered Chinese students’ learning styles as a kind of negative, passive, rote-learning, and isolated learning style from the Western perspective. However, to truly understand Chinese education and students, we must look back at its history and cultural roots. This paper includes three main parts. The first part analyzed the three salient characteristics of Chinese students, and the second part described Chinese society and people’s behavior in Chinese culture. The last part examined how those characteristics formed through the learning process help Chinese students get used to Chinese society. This paper argued that the learning styles of the Chinese students seemed passive and negative at first glance; however, this learning style was formed based on the Chinese culture and enabled its students with a smooth path to their future society.

This article analyses the critical thinking of previous studies from various perspectives on the stereotypes of Chinese students. It focuses on three aspects: What are the earlier stereotypes of Chinese students from numerous international scholars? What do they regard as the reasons for these stereotypes, and what are their respective attitudes? What are the new in-depth views of scholars on these stereotypes, and what initiatives have been proposed to improve the stereotypes of Chinese students? These questions are answered in the following main body section. Through the analysis and summary of scholars’ findings, it is found that stereotypes of Chinese students can be mainly related to learning styles and traditional Chinese cultural characteristics. The cause of stereotypes primarily comes from the influence of cultural differences between China and the West and the lack of understanding of Chinese education. The scholars’ critical views on Chinese students’ stereotypes are mainly about the internal and external environmental influences on Chinese students and the consequences of stereotypes. Therefore, this paper contributes to future research on improving Chinese students’ stereotypes in the context of international education.

This article summarizes the successful measures taken by countries around the world to deal with the aging population, and focuses on the impact of immigration policies on the aging population. Immigration policy is one of the important ways to solve the thorny impact of population aging. If accurate and efficient immigration policies can be implemented, it will contribute a lot to minimizing the impact of population aging. In order to put forward suggestions for China's future immigration policies, this paper compares the immigration policies of different countries and China's policies to cope with the aging of the population by analyzing the aging trend of the world population and China's aging trend, focusing on two aspects of China's current immigration policies, as well as the results of previous studies. The results show that China's immigration policy is close to the mature strategies of developed countries, but there are still many shortcomings. In order to better adapt to the aging trend in the future, China should improve its legal system, optimize preferential policies, make up for negligence in links, and attract high-quality foreign talents to settle in China and overseas students to return home for development.

Metaverse is based on reality and beyond reality.Its popularity has made many people understand the world of virtual reality.Neal stephenson (American writer)described that everyone in the Metaverse has a dual identity, and ontology can exist in the parallel world of the real world and the network at the same time.If the current Internet is regarded as a two-dimensional world, then the Metaverse can be regarded as a three-dimensional world that exists in parallel.If can let second language learners enter the Metaverse, and rely on AI (artificial intelligence), VR (virtual reality) , and MR (mixed reality) to obtain a better environment experience of language learning and social language application,to solve the barriers of language learning, combine teaching with fun, and combine learning with fun. Learn from the relaxed and virtual real world, deepen learning, and apply emotion and language cultural motivation to the design of learning games,It is not only the innovation and improvement of second language classroom teaching methods, but also the perfect integration of second language learning and modern high-tech technology, and the complex international Chinese teaching is presented in a popular gamification method, which is more conducive to improving the teaching quality of second language learning.

The reality shock creates complexity and uncertainty for junior teachers, which in turn affects their sense of professional identity. The relationship between reality shock and junior teachers' professional identity is described in detail through a literature review. It is found that reality shock can cause some junior teachers to question their profession and thus reduce their sense of professional identity. To reduce the impact of reality shock on junior teachers' professional identity, it is necessary for junior teachers to share teaching resources with other colleagues and provide each other with tools and emotional support.

The WTO panel procedure is integral to the WTO dispute settlement mechanism. While playing its unique role, the panel procedure of WTO also faces many challenges and needs to be reformed to adapt to the development of economic society. To consolidate its legitimacy and improve the authority of the panel procedure in the dispute settlement mechanism, active adjustments, and reforms should be made in the selection of panel members and the transparency of the panel procedure. And we need to properly handle the relationship between the panel procedure and Appellate body, which is embodied in the fact that we can set up a standing panel to solve various contradictions in reality. Through reform, the WTO panel procedure can play its unique role in a more scientific and sustainable state, maintain fairness and promote cooperation to a large extent.

This paper studies the hegemonism of the WTO dispute settlement mechanism and the severe damage to the free trade system exposed by the Sino-US trade war. The agency faces several problems. First, the WTO currently covers a wide range of areas, which makes it challenging to coordinate the interests of member states. Second, the WTO has adopted a decision-making mechanism by consensus. As long as no member objects, corresponding decisions can be adopted. From the historical development process of the decision-making mechanism, it is the first time that the consensus decision-making mechanism considers all members’ opinions in the decision-making process and tries to make overall considerations. Still, the consensus decision-making mechanism does not stipulate voting or specific decision-making rules. In addition, the paper proposes several potential solutions to modify the dispute settlement mechanism.

The impact of antidepressant associated hypomania on monomanic depression and its relationship to bipolar disorder. This review attempts to investigate and review current research on bipolar disorder diagnosis, the neurobiological mechanisms of antidepressant-associated hypomania, risk factors, and how to manage the occurrence of this condition. Bipolar disorder is a widespread, debilitating, recurrent, variable-severity mental health condition in which the patient exhibits two different states and unpredictable mood switching. Mania, hypomania, mixed states, depression, and depression interspersed with moments of relative health are the stages of the disorder. Early identification of bipolar disorder can improve prognosis. Patients with monophasic episodes are uncommon, as the clinical manifestation of bipolar illness is unpredictable. Throughout their lives, individuals with bipolar disorder alternate between episodes of mania or hypomania and depression. Depressive episodes in bipolar disorder are referred to as bipolar depression, and the underlying core symptom is depressed mood, which are essentially identical to the diagnostic criteria and clinical symptoms of uniphasic depression, so there is a high risk of misdiagnosis during the initial visit. Patients often choose to seek specialist help during depressive episodes, and this can lead to a tendency to overlook whether a patient has bipolar disorder. Antidepressant monotherapy is contraindicated for hypomanic episodes. Antidepressants tend to induce hypomanic and manic episodes, a phenomenon known as antidepressant-associated hypomania (AAH). All antidepressant drugs may cause mania. One is drug induced mania; The other is considered a potential bipolar disorder. There is a high co-occurrence of psychiatric disorders, but only bipolar disorder, monophasic depression, and antidepressant-induced hypomanic episodes are discussed here.

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is an increasingly prevalent psychological disorder in modern society, with approximately 1-2% of the population suffering from it, but its etiology is still unknown. The search for the causes of BPD is urgent, as research into the etiological mechanisms is crucial to clinical diagnosis and treatment. This paper has shown that significant advances have been made in the biological and psychological fields regarding the causes of BPD. Besides, macro-environmental factors also significantly impact BPD, such as discrimination and stigmatization of psychological problems and a lack of attention to mental health care. This paper aims to update the latest research on the etiology of BPD, draw out new findings from it, and suggest what can be changed and what can be done within our control.

During an emergency medical treatment experience, one of our team members saw a deaf person with heart discomfort who could not express his condition to the doctor and felt anxious and helpless and thus began to pay attention to the medical treatment of deaf people. In the preliminary research, the team found that the medical treatment process and experience of deaf people are inconvenient. Some deaf people show more negative medical treatment behavior and attitude. Therefore, on this basis, the research question of this paper is further proposed: what are the difficulties and obstacles existing in the current medical treatment of deaf people? What factors influence the medical treatment behavior and attitude of deaf people? Taking the deaf-dumb people in Shanghai as the research target, this paper conducts a relevant investigation utilizing a questionnaire, semi-structured interview, and participatory observation. A total of 148 questionnaires were collected, and ten deaf patients, volunteers, and professionals from deaf organizations were interviewed for interviewing method. The team members also launched a participatory observation by volunteering at the deaf and hard-of-hearing outpatient clinic. This study found that some deaf people in Shanghai have negative attitudes and behaviors toward medical treatment, mainly manifested as reluctance to see a doctor in time, fear of going to the hospital, and distrust of the medical system and doctors. The main reasons for this problem are as follows: poor communication quality, low self-confidence, poor financial conditions, doctors’ negative attitudes, unavailability of voice services, and lack of volunteers. With the development of digital media in recent years, the difficulties in diagnosing and treating deaf patients have been alleviated.

From 1961 onwards, affirmative action has been a critical part of American legislation to combat societal discrimination and inequality. The recent Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard case has brought the discussion of the justification of affirmative action back to the public eye. Giving college admission chances to students with lower academic achievement across the board only because of the social identification they behold should not be considered just. This article argues against the common ideas withheld by supporters of affirmative action. The old ideas of repayment for past evil deeds could not stand as a fair argument, and the long-term social benefit of affirmative action signifies it could not stand from a practical standpoint. Most importantly, the strengthening awareness of social identities would lead to more profound discrimination and a chaotic society.

Under the background of rural revitalization strategy, all parts of China are trying to adjust the agricultural industry structure and promote the development of rural economy. In this context, the study of new business mode of rural tourism is of great significance. This study takes the peasant paintings of Fengjing ancient town in Jinshan District as the background and the development path of new rural tourism as the research direction, explores how to integrate "agriculture + tourism + education" in small rural areas, and deeply analyzes the methods and approaches of developing rural tourism in the context of rural revitalization. At the same time, Shanghai's composite cultural and creative tourism products are used to retain tourists, increase market share and create a new rural tourism industry. This paper mainly obtains effective information through case studies and in-depth interviews, and digs into the current changes of rural revitalization through an in-depth understanding of the protection status of Jinshan peasant paintings and other intangible cultural heritage in Shanghai, so as to address the problems under the new rural tourism industry in Fengjing Ancient Town of Jinshan District and make suggestions. I hope to focus on promoting new rural tourism, providing new directions for rural revitalization, implementing rural revitalization strategies, promoting rural tourism, and further improving the development of new rural tourism in Shanghai.

Medical education has been affected by the epidemic in recent years and thus has encountered many challenges. Regardless of the specialty, medicine requires hands-on experience, therefore the epidemic has prevented students from getting those opportunities. This has put too much strain on current medical students, compromised the quality of instruction, and decreased students’ motivation. As the cornerstone of medical education and the pathway to all higher medicine courses, anatomy faces the greatest challenge at the same time. This article compares the different aspects of teaching anatomy online and offline and discusses how to teach anatomy more efficiently. It explores what is currently needed in teaching forensic clinical anatomy so as to introduce more students to the subject and tries to figure out how to improve the medical education system so that medical students are less stressed and in a better state to learn as well. This article concludes that a hybrid approach to teaching and learning—one that incorporates both online and offline—is more successful.

Under the large uncertainty and unknown condition all over the world, a growing number of people are developing mental illnesses after COVID-19. Anxiety, major depression disorder, eating disorder, and Post-traumatic stress disorder, all of these mental disorders are collected for the majority of mental illnesses after COVID-19. The primary aim of this paper was to determine the prevalence, causes, effects, and treatments among mental illness patients after COVID-19. By reviewing the paper that has been published, it is nearly certain that psychological disorders will occur after suffering traumatic events and the outbreak of COVID-19, which is seen as one of the most serious pandemics in the world in the last few decades, a number of populations are undergoing a high level of psychological illness. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing therapy can be one of the great therapies to treat mental illnesses after COVID-19. According to a study, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing treatment can greatly affect traumatic memories for psychological patients. After COVID-19, a growing number of populations become infected with mental disorders, therefore, the causes and some effective treatments are required. Especially those who have a previous history of psychological disorders might need some specialized intervention.

This research article pinpoints four approaches that affect empty nesters in rural areas from getting effective treatment of depression in order to prevent potential risks of dementia from four factors: lack of social support and medical centers, lack of mental health specialists and low education levels. This research is a literature review based research paper. This paper synthesizes the main findings of multiple scholarly articles in the field of dementia, depression, elderly, empty nesters and rural China. This paper aims to highlight four dominant contributors of dementia risk related to depressive symptoms or early depression diagnosis among empty nesters in rural China.

This paper reviews the studies and other literature on genetic and environmental factors that contribute to the causation of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). The CTSC and belief and appraisal model are two popular explanations for OCD. This research found that OCD is a familial disorder, genetics affect childhood-onset OCD more than adults, and genetic factors play a more significant role in causing obsessive symptoms. Environmental factors are explored based on five learning experiences concluded as the origin of inflated responsibility in patients, parental rearing styles, and stressful or traumatic events likely to correlate with OCD. The gene-environmental interactions are complicated, and future research is needed.

This work examines the capability of international organizations to maintain international order. Recent conflicts between the great powers that have attracted international attention illustrate the ineffectiveness of international organizations in coordinating international relations and resolving international disputes. This paper also proposes viable reform methods for critical international organizations based on the US-China trade and the Russian-Ukraine conflict. Regarding a trade war, the article evaluates the functions of the G20 during the US-China trade war and recommends the G20 focus on its actions and consensus consistency. In the case of military conflict, the article highlights the enhanced responsibility of the UN Security Council. It assesses the methods to strengthen its legitimacy by improving its ability to resolve disputes regarding international security. This study’s suggestions for improvements in international organizations can help future researchers better analyze the role of international institutions in regulating great powers and the importance of global governance.