Speaking anxiety has a wide range of effects on students, notably speaking anxiety in a foreign language, which has a negative impact on students' foreign language learning, but there are fewer investigations on speaking anxiety among Chinese international high school students. This study was completed by the “Foreign Language Speaking Anxiety Scale (FLSAS)”. A survey of students in an international high school in Hubei Province found that students had moderate speaking anxiety, there is no significant correlation be-tween gender and speaking anxiety, not having enough time to reflect before speaking in English and lack of vocabulary are the main causes of speaking anxiety. The article offers recommendations on the causes of speaking anxiety for students, teachers, and school.

This paper aims to analyze Eren Yeager in Japan manga Attack on Titan from the aspect of the absurdism of Camus. In their work, Eren Yeager demonstrates a series of actions and thoughts while he realizes his objective. When he does this, his actions share a significant content of similarity that is also mirrored in Sisyphus in the Greek myth, the same evidence of the absurd. In this article, I argue that Eren Yeager can also be considered an example of the wild.

WTO was created to raise living standards, eliminate trade barriers, and thus ensure peaceful relations among nations. However, since the Doha Round negotiation was forced into an indefinite dormancy, WTO has been experiencing a credibility crisis, and the international community has fully recognized the need and urgency of WTO reform. This crisis is mainly manifested as developed and developing countries' disagreements over WTO's differentiated treatment of the latter, and both camps question WTO's ability ever to bridge the gap. But the difficulty of reaching a consensus on the definition of a developing country has hampered the implementation of SDT and international trade. In this article, the feasibility and need for a clear discriminatory criterion were questioned and revisited. It argues that the distinctions between developing and developed countries in international trade law are outdated. It looks for an alternative structure, envisages the possibility of its application to global trade cooperation, and proposes that individual country-based determination regarding obligation and preference level should be made. Meanwhile, the concepts themselves should be used as something other than factors of legal differences between the nature of countries' obligations.

Cambodia is a country dense with Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and the third sector of the country is active in education. Educational NGOs in Cambodia vary in many aspects; however, many education programs exhibit the capacity to facilitate social and emotional learning (SEL). This study aims to compare two different NGOs and their respective influences on student SEL to identify positive features leading to increased SEL levels. Through a mixed-method design involving surveys, interviews, and observations, this research compares and evaluates two educational NGOs’ programs, SOS Children’s Village (SOS) and Village Development Program (VDP), as well as their effectiveness in fostering Cambodian youth SEL development. The results show higher levels of social awareness and relationship skills within VDP. Regression analysis reveals a negative correlation between the socioeconomic control with self-management and responsible decision making. The results obtained in the study could provide information for the educational program design regarding SEL and present valuable insight into two educational NGOs operating in Cambodia.

This review clustered the papers investigating shadow education in China from the emergence stage (the 1980s) to the industrialized stage (1980s - 2000s), and capitalized stage (2000s afterward). The “Reform and opening-up” policy in 1978 was conducted to improve individuals’ unemployment firstly but brought more negative issues related to wealth disparity, education essence, and tutoring quality. Since 2016, many restrictions were performed to control shadow education resulting in merely large tutoring corporations surviving similarly to the Covid-19 pandemic period. Shadow education could highly personalize customers’ needs and equalize educational opportunities by providing more services to minority groups. However, it may distort students’ emphasis on learning to educational return and enrich wealth disparity.

Virtual reality (VR) is an emerging medium that has the potential to be a brand-new visual form with uses in a variety of industries, including but not limited to education, the arts, and entertainment. The educational application study is combed through and examined in this work from three angles: ideological education, artistic education, and educational video games. The use of virtual reality technology in ideological and ideological instruction is first implemented, starting with the educational sector. The use of virtual reality technology in the sphere of art is then introduced. This section illustrates the significant contribution that virtual reality technology has made to the study of art. It basically explains how VR can be used in the classroom, how valuable it is for teaching art design, and what VR is used for in the new art design curriculum. The author concludes by explaining how virtual reality education is founded on the teaching principle of games and uses educational goals as the design idea. The use of VR in these three areas is compiled and discussed at the conclusion of this essay.

The international investigation of green buildings is steadily transitioning from simple concepts to practice, and the assessment criteria for enhancing green buildings are conducive to enhancing the understanding of green buildings' healthy development. By following the green building movement, this research examines the fundamental meanings of green building systems in China, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The paper analyzes a variety of potential new issues. For instance, the current green building assessment system has a small number of problems and limitations, and the formation of a system suitable for national conditions and flexible operation is currently a larger problem. Through analysis of the problem, the direction of work to implement the green building system and improve the fundamental concept of China's green building system will be suggested.

In light of the rapid globalization and trade development of Han China, the dynasty experienced unprecedented levels of expansion and economic prosperity. This article traces vital aspects of development through the historic accounts of transportation infrastructure across of China, namely the substantial manuscripts found at the Xuanquan Dunhuang postal station. Han China found that in order to increase international relations, there were key components that needed to be ameliorated – capacity of travel and proliferation of foreign commodities. At the same time, the empire needed to account for the spread of autonomous regions due to the regional expansion, meaning effective communication and a proficient network remained vital in maintaining the integrity of the empire. The resulting solution came to be the investments in the development of transportation infrastructure along the borders of China.

The Second Sino-Japanese War is an important part of World War II and also a key factor in the formation of the international political situation in the contemporary world. This article focuses on the development and change of Sino-American relations during this period and concretely elaborates on three aspects: the joint fight against the Japanese fascist forces, the struggle between the Kuomintang and the Chinese Communist Party in China, and the Soviet Union's intervention in Chinese affairs. In order to summarize the influence of the development and change of Sino-American relations on the Nanjing National Government and the resulting influence on East Asia and the post-war Cold War pattern.

The prevalence of eating disorders has led to extensive studies on different aspects of this mental illness, ranging from the underlying genetics to animal models. However, given the distinct research methods used in investigations, there are little integration and cross-check across the disciplines, thus withholding the potential unification on the understanding of eating disorders. The aims of this review is to verify the findings from various levels, and also to reach the purpose of discovering existing patterns across the levels and encouraging more cross-level integrative approach. Therefore, this paper reviews the progresses made in fields of genetics, neurobiology, and animal models, and concludes that certain gene variants, brain abnormalities and animal models are associated with eating disorders. It brings forth gene variants identified from an extensive genetic research and points out the possibility of using neuroimaging and then animal models to corroborate the association for future pharmaceutical purposes. It also encourages better communication and cross validation across the fields on technological advances and new findings to better understand eating disorders.

Trials in absentia for crimes in office provide a legal basis for anti-corruption fugitives, but due to its shallow operation time, it has encountered many controversies in operation practice. From the perspective of legal doctrine, there is a risk of imbalance between prosecution and defense and deviation from the concept of "trial-centeredness" in the trial in absentia. In order to solve these risks, the trial in absentia of duty crimes should implement the litigation concept of "trial-centered" and construct a "trial-centered" mode of chasing fugitives in absentia of duty crimes. This is not only the inherent requirement of criminal procedure, but also the outward expression of the rule of law thinking to pursue fugitives.

The 2015 two-child policy impacts gender ratios in China, as traditional son preference drives the desire for males. This article examines rural and urban boy ratios before and after the two-child policy and its reasons. Therefore, the sample included 1,985 children aged under 6 years, 10,126 parents of children who participated in the China General Social Survey (CGSS) ques-tionnaire in 2018, and 9,034 parents in 2012. My study used Difference-in-Difference (DID) and linear regression methods. After the two-child policy was implemented, urban boys’ ratio (boys/overall) outnumbered rural boys by 11.45% and reached above 50% and there was an increase in the number of desired sons. The research results show that the two-child policy does not reduce gender imbalance among Chinese children and even worsens it in metropolitan areas. This is due in part to the fact that having a son is still a goal for many families.

After WWII, the formation of group identity had become an efficient solution for vulnerable groups to protect human rights. Asian Americans, as other minority groups in American society, were suffering from racial discrimination in different social areas, such as education, employment, and welfare, especially in the 1970s California, which was regarded as the biggest settlement of Asian Americans at that time. However, when other minority groups achieved the unique identity of themselves to defend basic human rights against structural discrimination. Asian Americans failed to do so. This paper intends to argue that under the excluded social integration and self-weakness, deviation in recognition for both inside Asian Americans and outside American Society was the main reason not to form their own identity, which made Asian Americans suffer from human rights violation.

A nation’s destiny is largely determined by its educational system. Transformations in academic achievement are, therefore, essential throughout the entire procedure. A promising option by the Chinese government termed “Double Reduction,” promulgated in July 2021, aims to help minimize Chinese families' strain of studying. Campuses and instructors have strengthened their attempts to guarantee that the decrease in academic load does not lead to a fall in academic attainment. There has yet to be any thorough analysis of how the Double Reduction Policy would affect the standard of teaching, though, because it will not take effect for a long time from now. This paper examines the potential and difficulties the double reduction backdrop presents on high-quality education. In response to the academic work on double reduction, this paper finds that the double reduction strategy is an effective effort to ensure rural students’ consent in education. This paper finds that in a way, the educational achievement gap between China's rural and urban areas has been closed due to the double reduction strategy.

At present, school uniforms are almost an indispensable part of the Chinese education system, and they have many functions as an external tool to assist schools in managing students. The original design of the school uniform is educational and domesticated. At a time when school uniform culture is prevalent, gender education has also begun to germinate in China. The physiology and psychology of high school students are still in a positive dynamic development, so the school uniform should not only protect the student's body but also be responsible for the budding gender cognition and psychology of the student. This paper uses observation, literature research, a case study and descriptive research to study the role of Shanghai high school uniforms in gender education through a case analysis of the design of school uniforms in Minhang Middle School in Shanghai. The results show that Shanghai school uniform design has both advantages and disadvantages, but there are generally major shortcomings in gender diversity, gender equality, and adolescent gender awareness. Shanghai high school uniforms should be more diverse to increase choice for sexual minorities, while weakening masculinity and femininity designs to reinforce students' awareness of gender equality.

Early Life Adversity (ELA) with negative effects on individuals’ emotional and physical health is related to individuals’ emotion regulation abilities. Exposure to ELA can lead to changes in people’s stress response system, affecting people’s behavioral and cognitive ability to respond to negative life events later in their lives. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between early life adversity and emotion regulation under the consideration of sleep quality to identify the extent of influences that different factors exert on emotion regulation strategies. An effective sample size of 424 participants was recruited for this study with an average low score on ELA. Results showed that early life adversity was related to an increase in the utilization of ineffective emotion regulation strategies in response to negative life events. More specifically, evidence pointed out that threats under the subcategories of ELA exerted a bigger influence than deprivation on individuals’ emotion regulation strategies. However, the mediation caused by sleep quality between the relationship of threat, deprivation, and emotion regulation needs to be noted. In this study, sleep quality mediated the relationship between deprivation and ineffective emotion regulation as well as the relationship between threat and effective emotion regulation. The differences in the influence level of different subcategories of ELA (threat and deprivation) on emotion regulation were represented as well. This study can encourage future studies to focus on the relationship between ELA and sleep quality, and the mediation of different factors in the relationship between ELA and emotion regulation.

Nowadays, when we are reviewing the success reasons of the Second Sino-Japanese War, we are naturally focused on the strategic enemy-occupied areas’ guerrilla warfare or the bloodiest frontline. Because most people think warfare is always warfare, we should focus on it rather than other parts. However, the frontline battlefield must be a part of it, and the warfare is essentially the rivalry of two sides’ comprehensive strengths. In this case, we had to think about the contribution of common people during the war. Through the research, it is shown that there has been no massive research on the non-governmental organisation’s contribution during the war. In this case, this paper would use the historiography of micro history to analyse the contribution of non-governmental organizations which detailed to entrepreneurs, educated people, and the monk class in Chongqing. And the result shows their contribution are more voluntary, which came from their patriotism, than their forced engagement. They were actively to react with the warfare and tried their best to contribute to the warfare.

This qualitative research aims at analysing Sino-US relations in the context of the COVID-19 era. And since based on several literatures, this research found that nationalism has emerged as a crucial concept as a corresponding result of the epidemic. Therefore, the analysis initiated in this study would mostly focus on how nationalism lend effects on the actual Sino-US relations. Through a rather comprehensive scrutiny, this research argues that nationalism does play a significant role in reshaping Sino-US relations and tends to aggravate conflicts between the states. Traditional realism, liberalism, and constructivism theories would be leveraged, critiqued, or commented on to examine the topic.

Based on the three principles of sustainable development, educational inequalities in deep-poverty areas need to be eliminated. Nujiang prefecture is a deep-poverty region comprised of "Three Districts and Three Autonomous Prefectures." This paper analyzes the features of education development in Nujiang prefecture and its impact on development of education in Nujiang prefecture from the perspectives of geographical location, economic model, and demographic structure. The main demands of education fairness are presented, as well as related actions and proposals for further promoting the sustainable development of education in Nujiang Prefecture. This paper found that Nujiang's unique geographical location, single economic model and specific demographic structure make its development difficult. While increasing economic investment, the choice of strategies to address the sustainability of education needs to be considered in a variety of ways: (1) localization; (2) determination of the direction and path of education; (3) educational equality, etc. At the same time, there is still a great gap between the education level in the deep-poverty areas and the national average, whereas scholars in China rarely study the education in the deep-poverty counties of Nujiang Prefecture. Therefore, the research on the deeply-poverty areas in the "Three Districts and Three Autonomous Prefectures" has great research value and significance, and can help people understand the current deficiencies in the education field in the "Three Districts and Three Autonomous Prefectures" regions, as well as the gap between them and the national basic education level; Clarify the future development planning direction of these deeply-poverty areas, help these areas develop more efficiently and with high quality, and to inform the provision of quality education, the sustainability of education and the empowerment of the underprivileged.

This article explored the effects of gender, BMI, age, education level, and year on people’s implicit attitudes toward obesity between 2017 and 2021. We used data from the Project Implicit demonstration website, which consists of the implicit association test and demographic information. The results of the study indicated that people held implicitly negative attitudes toward obesity. A regression model found that the above five factors significantly predicted people’s negative implicit attitudes toward obesity, and their contributions were ranked from highest to lowest: BMI, age, gender, education level, and year of completing the implicit association test. Among them, the lower the BMI, the older the age, and the lower the education level, the stronger the implicit negative attitudes toward obesity. In addition, women displayed stronger negative attitudes toward obesity than men. People’s implicitly negative attitudes toward obesity gradually decreased as the years passed. This study informs us of the factors that influence socially implicit attitudes, contributes to the development of the dual process theory, and can make recommendations to guide society in reducing negative attitudes toward obesity, with both theoretical and practical implications.