Significant changes in adolescent physiology and psychology have been linked to a decline in adolescents’ sense of well-being. That’s why it’s so important to study what makes people happy in order to help teenagers flourish. The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the value of a correlational design and thematic analysis in revealing the underlying mechanisms at play in teenage social connection, self-esteem, and life satisfaction through the use of a mixed-methods sequential explanatory display. Our predictions that self-esteem (26%), social-support (1%) and social-engagement (1%) each accounted for a significant portion of the unique variance on the Satisfaction with Life Scale are supported by data from the Seventh-Sweep Study-Wave 7 Dataset (N=759). The quantitative results are corroborated by a thematic analysis of social-media and newspaper comments (N=126), which reveals that young people with high self-esteem are more likely to have positive school and social connections, use coping techniques, and express their true selves. Low self-esteem, on the other hand, may have detrimental effects on happiness, such as the promotion of psychological disorder and risky behaviours as well as underpinning academic and social isolation. Therefore, it may be beneficial for adolescents’ well-being to place an emphasis on school connectedness, social support, and positive self-perception.

The exploration of state formation patterns is a multifaceted and intricate field of study, encompassing a range of factors such as geography, history, and culture. It is essential to comprehend different nations’ various state formation models to gain a holistic understanding of their political, societal, and economic structures. This study seeks to conduct a comparative analysis of state formation patterns in diverse countries and elucidate their unique characteristics within their respective historical and cultural contexts. By examining historical facts and taking into account the geographical, historical, and cultural dimensions, this research aims to contribute to the understanding of the political, societal, and economic systems in China, European nations, and formerly colonized regions. These elements have given rise to distinct state formation traits in these areas, firmly rooted in their distinctive historical and cultural heritages. Furthermore, this analysis sheds light on the interconnectedness of these factors, offering a comprehensive perspective on state formation across the globe.

France, who bravely fought against Germany in World War I, only resisted for 42 days in World War II. It is a huge gap that is unimaginable. The paper aims to analyze why this happens. The gap is mainly reflected in the differences in military theories and the use of tanks during the war. After summarizing the experience of World War I, France believed that solid fortifications would bring victory. So they built the Maginot Line to defend German’s attack. In contrast, Germany believed developing tank forces that could attack quickly would be more advantageous. So they developed Blitzkrieg, a kind of tactic that utilize the defense, firepower, and mobility of armored forces for large-scale deep penetration. Therefore, the German army had the chance to quickly bypass the Maginot Line, cross the Aden Mountains, and penetrate the enemy’s rear, forcing the British French coalition to retreat from Dunkirk and then surrounded Paris.

Parenting styles have been shown through empirical studies to be a central determinant in the depression of youth throughout the past decades. This review examines the two most dominant negative parenting styles in single-parent families and explores how single parents with two negative parenting styles contribute to adolescent depression. Based on the special economic constraints and excessive parenting responsibilities, single parents are apt to adopt authoritarian parenting and neglect parenting styles, in which authoritarian parenting styles presenting restrictive rules and harsh punishments will lead to low-level parenting self-esteem and high levels of emotional disturbances for teenagers. Also, neglectful parenting styles which are characterized by fewer parental involvements will significantly impair the adolescent’s disability to express and manage emotions. The conclusion is that authoritarian parenting style and neglectful parenting style negatively influence adolescent depression in single-parent families. This review provides a perspective on the impact of single-parent family background on adolescent depression. Future research should focus on how to help parents develop appropriate parenting styles to decrease the risks of suffering depression for adolescents.

This paper uses the Teacher Evaluation Scale for Higher Education Teachers in the Context of Artificial Intelligence (AI) as the basis for problem elucidation and explores AI-induced changes in teaching and learning through the medium of evaluation. Teachers’ roles need to be more comprehensive and flexible than in the past to cope with the diversified teaching under the participation of AI; teachers need to insist on and continuously improve their humanistic qualities to answer to the higher spiritual needs of students; while using AI to assist in teaching, teachers need to keep abreast of the development, and control the limit of students’ use, to avoid the indiscriminate use of AI caused by the eyeless worship. Teaching should use science and technology to discover more methods of knowledge transfer, showing students the details of knowledge application and providing students with a platform for high-level exchanges; Learning practice cannot be replaced by AI, which should become the practice of the assistant rather than a replacement. Current evaluation scales need to be more refined and precise for teachers and teachers and provide effective measures to deal with the educational problems of AI.

There are two different views on the application of ChatGPT since its birth in higher education in academia: some suggest ChatGPT should be used by faculty and students to promote digital reform, and some believe that all applications of ChatGPT should be strictly regulated. With the widespread adoption of ChatGPT in universities, many researchers have found that it can improve learning performance and form personalised learning. However, the rising problems of academic integrity and misadvise should also be considered. Therefore, this study uses the literature review method to analyse the latest documents on the application of ChatGPT in higher education about its advantages, disadvantages and impact in educational fields. Moreover, it focuses on making a teaching model that aims to use ChatGPT effectively and efficiently, assisting the classroom. To construct this teaching model reasonably, the study divides it which, assisted by ChatGPT, into three parts: the teaching process, the multi-subject relationship and the multi-dimension evaluation, and tries to integrate CHatGPT into traditional classroom teaching. Based on the teaching design, some suggestions for using ChatGPT in higher education are made for future research: in the teaching process, ChatGPT can be viewed as a supplementary to traditional class; compared with the binary student-teacher relationship, the multi-subject relationship between student, teacher and ChatGPT can provide more emotional and interactive support; the participation of ChatGPT can increase make teaching evaluation more diverse. The study shows a positive attitude about using ChatGPT in higher education.

With the establishment of the China-ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) Free Trade Area, a world’s largest consumer market is forming which includes over 2 billion people. According to the Early Harvest program, the terms of trade of agricultural products bilateral have been improving and the volume has increased significantly, overall presents a strong resource-market pattern of mutual benefit and complementarity. This paper describes the present situation of China-ASEAN trade pattern of agricultural products, meanwhile points out the complementary and competitive relationship of agricultural products trade and the problems exist as well as the countermeasures. This is quite significant for China to improve its agriculture competitive in the region and even in the world. This paper uses the comparative advantage theory analysis method. Although the establishment of the comprehensive strategic partnership needs more efforts and cooperation from both sides, agricultural trade is one of the important concrete actions for laying the foundation for prosperity and peace of bilateral relations.

Against the backdrop of the post-World War II U.S.-Japan security agreement and the construction of U.S. military bases in Okinawa, this article discusses the reasons for the resistance of the Okinawan people to the U.S. military station. The geographical location of Okinawa Island is extremely special, and it is an important checkpoint in the Pacific Ocean. To the north of Okinawa is Japan’s main island, and to the south of Okinawa is Taiwan Island, which is relatively close to the South China Sea and has an important strategic position. In the process of researching the causes, the article will study the influence of U.S. forces in Okinawa in three aspects. The method is to explore the adverse effects of the US military stationed in Okinawa and the reasons why Okinawans oppose the military based on the local environment and people’s rights and interests in Okinawa. Okinawa’s solution to the troop garrison problem should be to defend its homeland rights through protests and litigation, and reduce the expansion of U.S. bases in the long term.

In today’s interconnected world, environmental issues such as rising temperatures, water scarcity, and deforestation have taken center stage, demanding immediate and comprehensive responses. As a vital component of global governance, international environmental diplomacy is facing a transformative phase. The urgency of addressing climate change, underscored by its increasingly tangible impacts, necessitates the swift development and implementation of effective environmental policies on the international stage. Thus, a nuanced understanding of and active participation in international environmental diplomacy is paramount. This research delves into the contemporary impediments that have surfaced within international environmental diplomacy. These include the complex dynamics between developed and developing nations, the challenges of reconciling economic growth with environmental protection, and the evolving landscape of global environmental management. Moreover, the study examines the role of international agreements like the Paris Agreement in shaping the course of environmental diplomacy. Against this backdrop, the paper underscores the importance of seeking policy countermeasures to overcome these impediments. It emphasizes the need for diplomatic strategies that bridge the gap between developed and developing countries, ensuring equitable access to resources and technology transfer. Additionally, it highlights the significance of aligning economic growth with environmental sustainability, advocating for environmentally friendly technologies and practices. Moreover, the research explores the potential of innovative governance mechanisms to enhance global environmental management.

Self-regulation ability is important for developing and maintaining organized behavior. These skills participate in several tasks and help an individual to perform better. Parental influence can shape children’s behavior and have further effects on their self-regulation ability. This research focuses on the interaction between parenting style and children’s self-regulation skills in China. All studies were based on scales. Self-regulation Questionnaire and Parenting style scale were used to determine the different factors in this research. In addition, other questions evaluating family status and child academic performance are added. 146 effective responses were received. Children with authoritative parents show a higher self-regulation ability. While authoritarian and neglect parents may contribute to the low self-regulation ability of the child. Whereas, Gender shows no significant difference in these skills. And mother shows a greater influence on the child than the father. Further research is needed to study self-regulation and child development deeply.

This article reviews and analyzes the Anglo-German diplomatic activities and interactions of some officials from both Britain and Germany before the First World War. It focuses on specific cases involving figures such as Henry Wilson and Prince Lichnowsky, aiming to explore the factors in the pre-war diplomatic interactions between Britain and Germany that led to Germany’s strategic misjudgment and ultimately culminated in the outbreak of the war. Structural realism and the concept of “security dilemma” are employed to examine the intentions and positions of officials and the upper echelons on both sides. This study concludes that the prolonged strategic preparations by Britain and its vigilant attitude towards Germany’s aggression demonstrated thorough consideration of the impending war. On the other hand, factors such as the German military’s satisfaction with its own development and the filtering of genuine information within its internal diplomatic system intensified the likelihood of war. Additionally, the ambiguous stance displayed by Britain towards the prospect of war also exerted a certain influence. Taking a research perspective centered on the analysis of mutual or internal interactions between the two parties, this article aims to offer novel insights for future investigations into the realm of strategic misjudgment preceding World War I.

Autism is a psychological disorder caused by the deviation from the nerve tissue development in the human body, and patients with this disorder can be easily recognized in the crowd, mainly due to their social impairment and abnormal and strange behaviors. This paper first introduces the relevant definitions of autism and integrated education. Then, it draws out that autistic children are characterized by communication difficulties, social impairment, narrow interests, stereotyped behaviors, a delayed speech system, a lack of imitation ability, etc. Lastly, based on the current education situation in China, this paper points out that, at present, teachers’ professionalism lags behind the requirements of integrated education, curriculum resources cannot meet the needs of autistic children’s education, and current learning styles are not suitable for autistic children. In addition, the construction of classroom culture fails to reach the degree of mutual integration, the teaching and learning pattern in Chinese autistic classrooms is not scientific enough, and the number of related studies is small. Based on the above problems, corresponding solutions are proposed, including the allocation optimization of curriculum resources, rational formulation of learning styles and teaching strategies, and the enhancement of the linkage between home and school.

As urbanization continues to accelerate, carbon emissions from urban transportation have gradually emerged as one of the primary contributors to global greenhouse gas emissions. This paper aims to use China as a case study to explore effective methods of constraining urban transportation carbon emissions through laws and regulations. Begin by reviewing the current status and issues of carbon emissions from urban transportation. Subsequently, this paper summarizes the legal and regulatory evolution concerning low-carbon transportation in China, analyzing the impact of existing policies and regulations on carbon emission control and assessing their effectiveness and limitations. Furthermore, this paper will compare how other countries have addressed urban transportation carbon emissions through legal and regulatory frameworks, evaluating their influences and outcomes. This paper will provide recommendations for enhancing legal and regulatory frameworks, thereby contributing to realizing global carbon reduction objectives.

Computer technology has constantly innovated since the computer first appeared in the last century. Cloud computing, the Internet, and other technologies are increasingly important in human life. Relying on the combination of computers and the Internet, the scale of data is increasing rapidly, the speed of data exchange is gradually accelerating, and the traditional information exchange mode is broken. The information exchange mode based on extensive data exchange has steadily become the mainstream, and the era of big data has come. Due to the changes brought about by new technologies, the original intellectual property law can no longer cope with new problems. How to solve the conflict between data exchange and intellectual property protection in the era of big data has become a vital issue. This paper focuses on the analysis of the connotation of data exchange in the age of big data, the conflict with intellectual property rights, and how to coordinate the contradiction between the two; it explains the conflict of property rights and personal rights brought about by extensive data exchange, and blends the scale, content, and technology of intellectual property rights in extensive data exchange. This paper aims to discuss the boundary of extensive data exchange and intellectual property protection, balance social interests, alleviate social contradictions, and provide feasible ideas for renewing intellectual property rights.

With the advancement of technology, fields such as artificial skills, biotechnology, and renewable energy are undergoing rapid iterations. Correspondingly, converting these technologies into tangible assets underscores the critical role of intellectual property protection. This paper takes the current status of intellectual property protection laws in China as an example to analyze the potential benefits of an improved intellectual property protection system for innovative enterprises and the market economy and the limitations of the current Chinese intellectual property protection laws. Enhancing the intellectual property protection system can empower enterprises with creative logic by improving the market economy, shaping new modes of thinking, and refining mechanisms for benefit distribution. Simultaneously, in the face of limitations in intellectual property protection laws, improvements can be achieved by strengthening law enforcement, advancing judicial reform, refining system design, enhancing international cooperation, and raising legal awareness. This article aims to assist scholars and relevant practitioners in understanding the current status of China’s intellectual property protection laws, thereby facilitating the development of innovative enterprises in China.

Many nations have started down the path of democratization under the impact of the third-wave of democratization. After the completion of democracies, their consolidation has become an urgent issue for these emerging democracies. The study of democratic consolidation in third-wave democracies is one of the popular topics of comparative political science research, in which the difference in the form of government organization is an important indicator for assessing the stability of democracies in third-wave democratizing countries. Some scholars have proposed the conditions for democratic consolidation in emerging democracies by studying the structural factors of society (level of economic development, spread of democratic concepts, and demonstration effects in neighboring countries). However, there is a lack of consistency in the understanding of how the type of governance affects the consolidation of democracy. A look at the forms of government chosen by emerging democracies reveals that many countries have mostly adopted semi-presidential institutional arrangements. As a result, using a literature review methodology and theoretical analysis, this study examines the effects of implementing semi-presidentialism on polity stability and the capacity of the government to govern successfully in emerging democracies. The study concludes that semi-presidentialism have more adverse than beneficial effects on democratic consolidation in emerging democracies.

Since the recent review on piercing people especially teenagers’ mental health and mental affection are limited, there is little information people can find to know more about piercing, so this article aims to study and summarize teenagers’ view of piercing and the possible effect on them from piercing. This paper uses research and surveys at the same time to gain knowledge of piercing teenagers about their view of it and try to analyze why it is addictive to somebody through theories, that can be used in teenagers’ education and their concept establishment. Surveys and studies show that there is a relatively small group of teenagers that have tried piercing before and find it addictive, and relatively more teenagers think piercing is addictive even though they have never tried it before. According to theories, pain does affect people’s feelings and emotions. In some cases, pain can help to release stress and to produce positive feelings and emotions, even in younger students, pain can help them to ignore or forget some negative and depressed emotions.

The globalization of education is considered to be the prevailing trend of the 21st-century, compelling an increasing number of countries to recognize the significance of seeking innovation in teaching to align with this transformative process. The era of globalization presents new challenges and opportunities for the education systems worldwide. Among them, Finland’s distinctive pedagogical philosophy and its outstanding reputation in the field of international education have attracted significant attention on a national scale. This paper investigates the efficacy of the Finnish education system in promoting quality learning in the context of globalization. In this study, the author adopts a case study approach centered on Finland, employing desktop-based techniques to gather pertinent data and information related to the survey. Overall, Finland’s noteworthy academic accomplishments demonstrate the need for greater emphasis on teacher training and the establishment of an integrated pedagogical framework that combines instructional excellence with equitable student treatment.

When scholars investigate criminal behaviour, they observe the existence of several criminal organizations characterized by a continuous involvement in illegal activities over successive generations. There is a potential hereditary transmission of criminal conduct. The topic of heredity invariably encompasses the issue of chromosomes and genes, as these elements are essential to the process of heredity. Currently, there is a lack of empirical evidence supporting the notion of “criminal genes,” and the consensus among scholars in the field of criminal psychology is that criminal behaviour is a multifaceted outcome influenced by physiological, social, and psychological factors. In contemporary times, within the framework of the expeditious advancement of science and technology, there has been a corresponding escalation in the incidence of criminal activities. Researchers have extensively investigated potential connections or shared characteristics among individuals involved in criminal activities across numerous situations. Scientists have directed their attention on genes, seeing them as the fundamental basis of emerging biotechnologies. This research employs a literature review and analysis method to provide a succinct description of the association between the MAOA (Monoamine oxidase A) and CDH-13 (Cadherin-13) genes and criminal behaviour. Furthermore, it examines specific instances to investigate the potential role of genetic factors in contributing to criminal tendencies.

The transformation of the European Monetary System into the European Monetary Union is a significant event in the development of the world economy and a major issue of concern in international financial research. The establishment of the European Monetary Union is the basis and guarantee for the establishment of the European Economic Union and Political Union. In this study, by analyzing various economic indicators of Italy, the author can determine whether it is a winner or loser in terms of gains and losses in the European Monetary Union and then can also infer the changes in the economies of various countries under the union policies. In terms of economic development, it can be seen from the Gini coefficient and GDP growth rate that Italy has long been in a predicament of a large wealth gap and weak economic development. In terms of economic security, it can also be inferred that Italy is trapped in a quagmire of foreign debts and perennial fiscal deficits through the two data of the percentage of foreign debt to GDP and the ratio of fiscal revenue and expenditure, resulting in insufficient amplitude credibility and large economic loopholes. From this, it can be judged that Italy is in the position of a loser in the European Monetary Union.