Inclusive education has been a crucial education revolution since 1994 the Salamanca Statement, proclaiming that children with diversified abilities should have access to regular schools with appropriate scaffolds and support. Chinese inclusive education is presented as Learning in Regular Classrooms where children with special needs are placed in a regular classroom of a regular school. This article explored and identified challenges LRC faces through teachers’ roles, standards, and relationships with the children’s families that lead to unsuccessful LRC. The lack of special education knowledge in teachers, mono-teaching-evaluation standards on academics, and disagreements between teachers and families on support for children are some causes of unsuccessful LRC. This article proposed multiple solutions according to the challenges which include cooperating with special education schools to provide systemized special education training and support for teachers, schools providing clear, written, and diversified teaching standards, increase in communication between teachers and children’s families, and schools providing extra support for children.

Zhang Ailing is a famous modern Chinese female writer. Due to the influence of her family atmosphere and her own educational experience, she has a high level of expertise in both traditional Chinese studies and English. Her profound literary background in both English and Chinese has enabled her to create many excellent literary works and literary translations. Her articles published in the English monthly magazine of the 20th Century have made her stand out in the literary world, Therefore, “Chinese Life and Fashions”, as their first English prose published in this journal, has great research value. This article is based on Eugene Nida's principle of functional equivalence, the differences between Chinese and English languages, and some translation strategies to compare and analyze the two texts. These translation strategies include addition, deletion, domestication, etc. The employment of various translation procedures is based on the target language readers' diverse cultural backgrounds, as well as the target language readers chosen by Zhang Ailing. And the use of these strategies also reflects Eugene. Nida's theory of functional equivalence.

For Paris, the 19th century is unique and precious. The changing regimes, the establishment of capitalism, and the progression of industrialization reshaped the city's landscape and society. As these changes led people into modern society, new challenges appeared accordingly, and the most significant one was the decline in birth rates. New lifestyles and issues altered people's thinking and focal points. Consequently, transformations in artistic expression emerged. In the vibrant tapestry of 19th-century French art, the new mother-child paintings, born to solve population problems of the industrialization process, witnessed the career paths of female artists and their feminine movements. Female artists like Berthe Morisot used this theme to gain professional recognition in the patriarchal society and to reflect and redefine their complex social roles as women in the transforming society, subtly challenging the conventional gender norms. This paper delves into how societal transformations influenced Berthe Morisot and the theme of her paintings, examining her works as a lens to explore her accomplishments.

Chinese-American groups have always existed as "marginalized" in the Western cultural context, and this article uses the romantic comedy "The half of it" as the research object to explore its cross-cultural narrative strategy. With the dual cultural identity of director Alice Wu as the entry point, the film narrative space is divided into three parts of family life, campus life and table tennis platform as a cross-cultural intersection of Chinese and Western culture, focusing on the film's character image design and the cultural phenomena behind the film, from Audio-visual design, plot structure and value connotation of three aspects to assist intercultural narrative of the film, explore the background of the cultural differences between China and West. The focus on the marginal groups highlights humanistic care, directs implicit, humorous narrative technique, so that the film shows more inclusive and provides ideas for the cross-cultural narrative of Chinese-American films.

This paper is based on Samuel Huntington's theory of the "clash of civilisations" and explores the complex role of religion in the international clash of civilisations. He argues that the post-Cold War global conflict will no longer be a confrontation based on ideology or national interests, but rather a friction between civilisations, particularly over differences in religious beliefs. The role of religion in shaping international relations and inspiring conflict is revealed by analysing a number of key international events and trends, such as religious conflicts in the Middle East, tensions between the West and the Islamic world, and cross-civilizational interactions in the context of globalisation.Firstly, the article explores how religious identity has become an important criterion for distinguishing the self from the other in international relations, especially in the context of the confrontation between Islam and the Western world. Next, the article analyses how religious extremism affects international politics, particularly its role in international terrorism. In addition, it examines how globalisation has exacerbated the friction between religions and civilisations, while at the same time opening up new opportunities for dialogue and understanding between civilisations. Through these case studies, the aim is to shed light on the dual role of religiosity in the international political arena: on the one hand, as a catalyst for divergence and conflict among civilisations, and on the other hand, as a potential conduit for cross-cultural understanding and peaceful dialogue. The article concludes with a discussion of how religion-induced clashes of civilisations can be mitigated through cross-cultural dialogue and cooperation in a multicultural and religiously diverse contemporary international society, contributing to international peace and stability. The study not only provides new ideas and perspectives for understanding major issues in current international politics, but also offers profound insights into dealing with differences and conflicts among civilisations.

Large Language Models (LLMs) are powerful Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) software that generate natural language texts on various topics and domains. They have great potential to reduce cultural barriers in international trade by facilitating machine translation and cross-cultural communication. However, they also face cultural conflicts, challenges and risks, such as cultural misreading, bias, and ethical issues. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state and future prospects of LLMs in international trade, and discusses the cultural differences, opportunities and obstacles that they encounter. It also proposes some possible solutions and directions for improving the cultural sensitivity and performance of LLMs, such as incorporating cultural knowledge, enhancing cultural awareness, and ensuring cultural diversity and inclusivity. To illustrate the practical implications of LLMs in international trade, this paper provides some examples of how LLMs have been used or could be used in various trade scenarios, such as ChatGPT,NewBing and Ernie Bot. This paper aims to offer some insights and suggestions for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers who are interested in or involved in the development and application of LLMs in international trade, and to demonstrate how LLMs can contribute to the advancement and innovation of international trade.

This paper examines the early and late thoughts of philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein through the comparative study of two of his famous works: Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus and Philosophical Investigations. A whole summary of the two works will not be presented in this paper; instead, essential concepts and ideas from the same two topics – Wittgenstein’s view on language and reality and Wittgenstein’s view on logic – will be summarized from the two works independently. After the summary, a discussion of Wittgenstein’s thought evolvements on the same topic will be delivered. The paper examines the essay with a critical analysis of the two contrary perspectives through links to historical background and an evaluation of the ideas. Even though Wittgenstein’s works have been extensively studied, this presentation will demonstrate them from a broader perspective. This essay aims to provide an in-depth review of Wittgenstein’s philosophical movements of thought in areas including meaning, logic, and the philosophy of language.

Research about the negative symptoms of chronic schizophrenia (SZ) is still lagging behind, in order to more comprehensively and systematically understand the biological and molecular mechanisms behind them, as well as to explore more valuable research directions and treatment options. By summarizing the results of previous studies and exploring them at the levels of neurobiology, genetics, molecular biology and microbiology, the authors provide a preliminary review of the new research progress in recent years. The authors hypothesize neurodevelopmental disorders by thoroughly investigating the anatomical features of various brain regions and the corresponding abnormalities in neurotransmitters. This paper then provides a relatively fresh perspective by summarizing the potential pathogenic mechanisms in terms of the brain-gut axis and metabolic syndrome. Ultimately, it is determined that the pathophysiology of chronic schizophrenia is associated with multiple biological mechanisms within the body, primarily arising from neurological abnormalities within the brain. On the basis of this, the author provides a conceptualization of the pathophysiology and a potential course of treatment.

As depression and other mental illness groups have come into the public eye, the public has their own views and attitudes towards depression groups, and there are many negative evaluation. There is the stigma of depression and the increased social distance between the depressed community and the public. In this study, we surveyed 190 college students to measure their stigma against depression, social distance from depression, and anxiety. The mediating effect analysis of SPSS data analysis was used to study the relationship between anxiety level as a mediating variable. The current results show that depression stigma is positively correlated with social distance, and depression stigma has a positive predictive effect on social distance, which is consistent with the results of previous studies, such as Rusch et al., found that there is an implicit stigma phenomenon among the public towards mental illness groups, which increases the social distance between the two. At the same time, this study suggests that anxiety levels have a partial mediating effect on the relationship between depression and social distance, and the higher the degree of depression stigma, the higher the anxiety level, which in turn leads to the increase of social distance. This paper provides preliminary evidence for the study of the factors influencing social distance, particularly the effect of the degree of stigma.

The underlying causes of the relative economic downturn in all parts of the world since the outbreak of COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) deserve deeper scrutiny. This paper focuses on the employment situation of women during the above-mentioned period, including a comparison between the extent to which non-cyclical economic downturns have affected employment for both sexes and the impact of COVID-19 on macroeconomic policies by using qualitative research. This paper first judges COVID-19 to be fundamentally different from the downward economic phase of the traditional business cycle, and then it considers the opportunities and pressures on women's employment from a variety of factors, including supply and demand. The paper also discusses in detail the ways in which women were able to find employment during the epidemic, so as to provide an effective and reliable basis and reference for the formulation of national macroeconomic policies and the recovery of national production. It can be concluded that female employment is more significantly affected by the macro environment, and without formulating correct macro policies, it is impossible to bring about the recovery of female employment.

The Tang Dynasty was the heyday of Ancient China, especially Chinese music. Because of enhanced international communications, Chinese music has been diffused to adjacent East Asia countries, including Japan. To be specific, this paper mainly takes pipa as an example to explore comparisons and contrasts between Chinese ancient and modern music; Chinese and Japanese musical development; also, in the dynasties of Sui and Tang. In this research paper, Pipa music is the main research object; its history, appearance, and usage are all discussed and compared. The central question is how the differences between Chinese pipa and Japanese pipa happened in history and culture. This paper uses qualitative research and comparing papers on the same topic. Based on this research, Pipa music between the Sui Tang period and the Modern period are different in appearance, sound effects, and grasping manipulations.

As the leadership and social structures continued to change over time, how various forms of authority act or react has always been a topic that is widely discussed in academic studies. This paper analyzes in detail the developing positions, importance, and significance of both traditional authority and charismatic authority within contemporary society. In this paper, the historical origins and contemporary manifestations of some particular cases are analyzed theoretically using case studies. A comparative analysis is conducted between the stability and legitimacy of traditional authority and the charm and innovation of charismatic leaders, in order to reveal their efficacy, advantages, and drawbacks in contemporary governance systems and social interaction therein. The findings show the reciprocal interaction between these two types of authority in the formation of leadership and the determination of social organization, specifying that only a balanced approach can help to properly understand and make use of them. This article offers unique insights for a better understanding of why authority structures today remain important and changeable. This can be essential in determining future leadership and governance models.

Euphoria, a high-profile American TV series, has not only captivated viewers globally but has also given rise to a distinctive cultural phenomenon within the entertainment industry. This paper delves into the impact of Euphoria from four pivotal perspectives: The Gen Z Aesthetic, Social Issues, the Revolution of Teen Soap Operas, and Commercial Values. By conducting thorough text analysis and research encompassing the plot intricacies, character developments, and thematic exploration, the study aims to ascertain whether the series can generate unexpected influences, sparking extensive discussions on teenage life, societal challenges, and artistic expression. The findings underscore the show's profound impact, highlighting its ability to transcend traditional storytelling norms, initiate meaningful dialogues, and reshape the commercial landscape. First and foremost, the impact of Euphoria on the aesthetics of Generation Z. Secondly, as a series that aggressively explores modern social concerns, Euphoria stands out as providing a raw and uncensored take on the challenges confronting today’s adolescents. Third, Euphoria TV shows are a new sort of entertainment and a new awareness of TV shows. Finally, the financial worth of the Euphoria TV series extends far beyond standard ratings measures. As Euphoria continues to push boundaries, it catalyzes change, fostering a global discourse that extends beyond conventional television narratives.

Since Hu Huilin's concept of China's national cultural security was proposed, it has inspired many qualitative studies, and then Han Yuan's team introduced quantitative research methods in 2021. On this basis, this study uses a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis to explore the current situation, challenges, and coping strategies of China's national cultural security, especially the impact of cultural differences between Chinese and Western cultures on China's cultural security in the context of globalisation. It also conducts a data-driven comparative study using Hofstede's National Culture Model and existing national cultural security assessment indicator systems. The analysis focuses on six cultural dimensions, including power distance, individualism masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, long-term orientation, and indulgence. The findings suggest that China differs significantly from the West in terms of individualism and long-term orientation, which has important implications for China's cultural policies and social structures. China's power distance and relatively low uncertainty avoidance index provide opportunities for the development of cultural innovation and diversity. Moreover, the balance between indulgence and restraint is equally important in preserving cultural diversity and promoting social harmony.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a mental disorder characterized by extreme and uncontrollable worry. Current studies emphasize the importance of the Contrast Avoidance Model (CAM) and the Intolerance of Uncertainty Model (IUM) in comprehending GAD. The reliability of IUM is supported by empirical evidence that Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU) has a direct impact on worry. Although long-term strategies are required, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for IU (CBT-IU) has demonstrated promise in reducing symptoms of both IU and GAD. Attachment styles play a crucial role, with IU mediating the influence of early experiences on GAD. In the IUM framework, pathways involving Positive Beliefs about Worry (PBW) and Negative Problem Orientation (NPO) have been delineated. CAM predicts GAD independently of IU and exhibits distinct effects on fear and sadness. The impact of Contrast Avoidance (CA) in worry is proved by prior studies. Future studies can draw attention to the association between CA and other variables.

Sichuan dialect, one of the most popular dialects in China, is continuously receiving a wide range of attention among teenagers. However, in recent years, the users of this dialect are becoming less and less. This paper talks about the reason why the users of the Sichuan dialect are experiencing the process of decline. It is separated into various aspects such as society, technology and educational influences that may be influencing the declining trend. Studying the reason for the reduction of users of the Sichuan dialect can help contribute to the preservation of local dialects. Understanding these factors is crucial not only for comprehending the dynamics of linguistic shifts, but also for formulating strategies to safeguard and inherit this local dialect. Efforts to maintain and renaissance local dialects are essential for safeguarding cultural heritage and identity. The presented findings aimed at providing a renewed appreciation for the Sichuan dialect among the younger generations.

Based on the empirical research data collected from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) in 2018, this study examines the specific impacts of two types of volunteering on loneliness among elderly individuals in China. Additionally, it investigates various demographic, socioeconomic, physical health, and family intergenerational support factors that may influence the relationship between these variables. The findings of this investigation demonstrate that both group-driven volunteer service and individual active volunteer service significantly contribute to reducing loneliness among older adults. However, there exist four distinct demographic disparities: variations in age, differences in empty nest situations, disparities based on gender, and discrepancies in economic status. Consequently, to address the issue of elderly loneliness effectively, this study primarily proposes four key approaches: guiding the elderly towards embracing social participation as a concept; emphasizing the development of community social capital; enhancing volunteer service design; and increasing investment in volunteer services for the elderly. These measures aim to foster an inclusive environment that encourages active engagement among older adults while providing them with convenient avenues to participate in volunteer activities. This study empirically investigates the evolution of social engagement among elderly individuals in China, offering novel research perspectives on public involvement in addressing the challenges associated with elderly care services.

Animation is a form of cultural communication in which a nation displays its own culture and the value system behind it to specific audience groups of other cultures, and the widest audience of this form of cultural communication is the youth group. Therefore, analyzing the essence and path of cross-cultural communication of animation, this paper tries to explore the possibility and importance of shaping the image of the nation with animation as the ontology in cross-cultural communication. This paper firstly analyses that animation, as an art form showing culture and spiritual core, is a cultural system constructed by nationalities as the cultural foundation, and animation, in turn, shows national uniqueness as a means of communication; on this basis, through the analysis of the unconscious cultural projection phenomenon of the youth audience group, this paper elaborates that animation is an important way to build up a country's image at the initial stage. This paper then analyses the key to cross-cultural communication through animation is to find the common accepted universal values in different cultural backgrounds, and to find the universality of spiritual values; on the basis of universality, in the process of animation creation and dissemination, it is necessary to strengthen the establishment of cultural self-awareness and cultural identity of the nation in order to enhance the cohesion of the country's image.

This research examines the adverse effects of passive social media usage on the subjective well-being of young individuals in the digital era, where social media is closely integrated into everyday life. The opening portion establishes the context by examining the profound alterations in communication and social exchanges resulting from the digital age. The next focal point is passive engagement with social media, defined as non-participatory behaviors, and its prevalence among young users. It specifically seeks to explore the effects of passive use on well-being in terms of diminished self-esteem, increased loneliness, anxiety, and depression, thereby filling an unaddressed gap in the literature. The presented research recognizes the importance of understanding the processes that underpin these effects and presents methods to reduce them. The article suggests interventions at multiple levels (individual, community, and policy) focusing on educational efforts, platform redesign, and broad public awareness campaigns. The role of key stakeholders—educators, parents, and policymakers—as architects for youth's effective mode of digital navigation is underscored.

The public's body focused repetitive behavior (BFRB) is getting worse and it is important to address the problem. The main basis of this article is that one source of BFRB is negative emotions, and the development of insecure attachment patterns is also associated with negative emotions. This paper also builds on recent studies showing that BFRB is negatively associated with attachment in children with autism. This paper studies the relationship between attachment and BFRB in non-treatment seeking people. The study as a whole is to explore the correlation. Bgs-8 scale for BFRB, IPPA-R scale for attachment and Spearman correlation analysis were used. Among them, IPPA-R includes 3 subscales (maternal attachment, paternal attachment, peer attachment). Five questions were selected from 20 questions on each subscale, covering the three dimensions (communication, trust, alienation) to be examined. Spearman correlation analysis mainly includes two-tail test and significance. The results showed that BFRB was negatively correlated with parent attachment, while BFRB was weakly correlated with peer attachment. In other words, the less parent attachment, the more severe the BFRB. The conclusion of this paper is that BFRB of non-treatment seeking people is related to attachment, and peer attachment has little effect on individual BFRB. In addition, the association between BFRB and attachment in the non-treatment people was negatively correlated, and the association was more significant in autistic children.