Deception detection is a crucial yet formidable process within the criminal justice system. The cognitive load approach is a novel methodology for deception detection, which draws upon the cognitive theory emphasising that lying imposes a greater mental tax than truth-telling. This approach has garnered significant attention and is currently undergoing rigorous laboratory testing. Nevertheless, most researchers who advocate for the effectiveness of the cognitive load approach tend to overlook the potential impact of specific contexts that might undermine the accuracy of employing this approach. This review paper addresses three types of contexts that may impact the effectiveness of the cognitive load approach: a) the stakes of deceptions, b) the age of candidates, and c) the authenticity of interviews. In general, the cognitive load approach exhibits more reliability and a higher likelihood of enhancing the deception detection rate in high-stakes contexts than in low-stakes contexts. In comparison with adolescents or adults, this approach appears to be less predictable or consistent when used among young children. Moreover, the cognitive load approach in legal systems seems less viable in real-life applications than in controlled laboratory settings.

This paper examines the intricate dynamics between globalization and education, with a specific focus on the rise and development of Sino-foreign joint venture schools in Sichuan, China. It intricately analyzes how these institutions, notably the Sichuan University-Pittsburgh Institute and the Sino-French Aviation University, are reshaping educational practices by integrating Eastern and Western pedagogical approaches. These collaborations aim to produce globally competent graduates, highlighting the role of such institutions in elevating China's educational standards. The study delves into various aspects of these joint ventures, including their organizational structures, funding mechanisms, curriculum designs, and faculty and student demographics. A comparative analysis of two representative joint programs is provided, underscoring differences in teaching methods, curriculum focus, and targeted student backgrounds. The paper concludes by discussing the developmental potential and challenges faced by these institutions amidst the rapidly evolving landscape of international education. It emphasizes the significance of these joint ventures in fostering educational innovation and cross-cultural understanding. The research presented in this paper not only contributes to a deeper understanding of the impact of globalization on higher education but also provides valuable insights into the future of international educational collaborations. The findings suggest the need for thoughtful policy interventions to support the growth and sustainability of such transformative educational models.

In the real world, gender discrimination is ubiquitous and exists in every sphere: economic, social, political, cultural and geographical. The importance of literature to human beings lies in the fact that the ideas expressed in it affect people's consciousness in a subtle way, especially children's literature, which has a fundamental impact on children at the beginning of their lives, so it is crucial to study sexism in children's literature. The Chronicles of Narnia is a classic in children's literature and a classic in modern literature. However, the book has also been put forward by the public with many shortcomings. For example, the serious contradiction of Aslan's image, the serious ethnodiscrimination and prejudice, the degradation of women in a certain way, and the lack of characters' subjectivity, and so on. This paper focuses on how the books reveal sexism and gender stereotypes, either directly or indirectly, between the lines, by analysing the characterisation and storyline design of the Chronicles of Narnia series.

Augustine's philosophy can be understood in two ways, namely love and justice. Love occupies a very important place in Augustine's thought. Love will determine what kind of city people are in, and love is more important than justice, so love and justice build two cities. The city of God composed of love and justice and the city of the world composed of love and injustice. The City of God represents an ideal society of high faith, spirituality and morality. The people of this city strive for the best, are guided by God's law, and their actions are guided by moral values. In the City of God, individual desires are constrained by virtue and devotion, and people pursue the happiness and harmony of the whole at the expense of individual interests. By contrast, secular cities represent secular interests, desires, and utilitarian societies. The residents in this city are more in pursuit of individual desire satisfaction and material benefits. They are driven by secular values and practical factors, and often ignore moral and ethical considerations in the pursuit of personal gain.

Social-emotional learning (SEL) plays a vital role in the realm of daily teaching and learning. As a significant pedagogical approach, it profoundly influences the teaching methods and philosophies employed by educators. This article delves into a comprehensive examination of the various forms of SEL intervention in teacher education and their resulting outcomes. Drawing upon a meticulous review of 16 previous scholarly articles, this research identifies two primary types of SEL interventions: lecture-based learning and participatory learning. The study demonstrates that SEL interventions effectively enhance teachers’ Social and Emotional Competence (SEC) development, foster robust teacher-student relationships, promote teachers’ professional growth, and contribute to overall teacher well-being. Nonetheless, it is noteworthy that the article highlights the potential influence of teachers’ and pre-service teachers’ ethnicity or racial backgrounds, as well as the prevailing school climate, on the effectiveness of SEL interventions, thus potentially hindering these interventions from achieving optimal results. This article presents an insightful and comprehensive overview of the association between SEL interventions and teacher education. The findings underscore the importance of encouraging educators to actively engage in SEL intervention programs while emphasizing the need for interventions to be tailored to accommodate the unique personal teaching experiences and individual backgrounds of teachers.

With the continuous development of information technology and internet technology, the application of new media involves various fields. However, traditional English education methods lack innovation, emphasize mechanized teaching, and neglect cultural background education. It is no longer in line with the trend of the times and is not conducive to the progress and development of English education. The many functions of new media bring many new possibilities to the methods of English education. This study explores how new media can be applied to English education to create new and effective educational methods. This article uses case analysis methods and literature analysis methods. Relying on new media technology can create a pleasant learning atmosphere and efficient and exciting learning methods. Creating an immersive learning environment that allows students to immerse themselves, enhances their interest in learning, effectively addresses the shortcomings of the current English education model, and expands educational resources and tools by utilizing video-sharing platforms and learning apps to enrich English classrooms, integrating VR and AR technology with the classroom to expand educational scenarios and promote students' comprehensive understanding of English. The ultimate goal is to improve the quality and effectiveness of English teaching and cultivate English professional talents.

With the rapid development of Chinese sports industry, popular sports such as basketball and table tennis have attracted a wide range of audiences and gained widespread attention and support. In contrast, some sports with relatively small scale of operation and small audience groups, such as curling, still face the dilemma of audience attendance. Past studies have focused on attendance analysis and development of marketing strategies for popular sports, resulting in niche sports being gradually marginalized and receiving less and less attention. This study aims to take curling as an example, using the problem-tracking method in case studies and the literature review method to help niche sports find practical ways to get out of the dilemma of low attendance. The author analyzes the differences in economic volume between sports to find out the differences in the level of importance; finds out the generation mechanism of low attendance based on the influence of celebrity benefits, consumer income theory and the effect of the national team's performance; and applies the stakeholder theory and the sports community thery to find feasible solutions for the curling tournament organizers, marketers and the government.

On the one hand, emerging information technologies such as data and information in modern society not only bring a lot of benefits to the development of human society but also lead to the ubiquitous risk of personal message infringement. Therefore, information subjects have the interest expectations and claims to limit the processing and use of their information by others, to protect personal information from illegal collection, processing, dissemination, and intrusion by others. Conversely, the free flow and rational use of individual data have greatly improved the quality of People's Daily social life and have also become an important strategic resource and driving force to promote the enhancement of government governance capabilities and the social development of the future digital economy. Therefore, it can be said that the balance of interests between the preservation and Use of personal messages has become the foundation of the rule of law development of privacy preservation for personal data in contemporary society. Given this, based on previous studies, this paper will further study and discuss the interest balance between the preservation and application of private data in the advancement of contemporary civilization by using the methods of value analysis, legal hermeneutics analysis, and comparative analysis, and propose that within limits permitted by law and with the interests of the information subject as the bottom line, The legal foundation for information users' usage of personal data can be suitably increased to strike a balance between the needs of usage and security of personal messages.

Fear of success is a common psychological phenomenon, explicitly referring to the fear of winning in a competitive environment. Success generally brings joy to people, but at specific times, it generates joy. Success also comes with a psychological state of fear. This article uses a literature review method to study the causes of fear of success. It mainly collects literature through reading, communicating with people with fear of success, and summarizing the reasons for this phenomenon. It mainly includes two parts: internal and external factors. Internal factors include negative experiences, poor self-efficacy, shyness or social anxiety, and insufficient personal conditions; external factors include the influence of national culture, conformity psychology, and the surrounding environment and finding corresponding reasonable solutions from them, such as boldly acknowledging the existence of the "Jonah complex," achieving self-acceptance, being brave in "volunteering," and taking the initiative to face challenges. The results of this study will help us understand the reasons for fear of success, and based on this, objectively analyze facts, treat problems rationally, actively solve problems, and better achieve self-acceptance to promote human psychological development and create a better life.

This paper focuses on Edgar Allan Poe's The Raven as a case study to examine the narrator's conscious experiences and the challenges of interpreting coherence relations within this domain. It examines the concept of Right Frontier Constraint (RFC) from the Segmented Discourse Representation Theory (SDRT) and discusses its relevance in the context of The Raven. It further addresses the challenge of clarifying poetical effects through the lens of coherence relations and acknowledges the diversity of reader responses. This paper draws from the work of various researchers who have explored discourse segmentation and coordination, and applies global and micro analysis to further examine the themes of The Raven, and Poe’s use of poetical effect through the poem’s ambiguity and symbolism. The aim of this paper is to elucidate the intricate web of coherence relations within literary works such as The Raven while also offering potential avenues for future research to probe into the interpretation of coherence relations in conscious experiences.

The rapid development of technology in the age of artificial intelligence has brought new opportunities to education. However, the problem of applying new technologies and the long-standing contradictions of traditional education have made this empowerment process difficult. The discussion of AI-enabled education is global, with sustained concerns expressed by international institutions and organizations, government officials, and even independent scholars. The study was conducted through questionnaires and interviews with Beijing primary schools as research objects. The three representative issues are selected to discuss, which are the complexity of the operating system, the monotony of the educational content, and the solidity of the teaching model. The study also proposed three solutions: system optimization, diversification of the educational mode, and enrichment of the teaching content.

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a severe mental disorder characterized by a consistent pattern of emotional inconsistency, poor impulse management, unstable personal relationships, and a constantly fluctuating self-image. Researchers have lately made significant progress in grasping the potential neurobiological underpinnings of BPD, and neuroimaging has emerged as a pivotal instrument in examining differences between BPD patients and healthy controls. This article will explore past studies on neuroimaging of patients with bipolar disorder, including PET and sMRI. BPD patients are likely to display hypometabolism in prefrontal regions and metabolic changes in temporal and parietal lobes. There are also studies pointing to the significance of anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and structural volume. However, the results are mainly inconsistent. The limiting sample sizes may be one of the reasons for such a high level of variance. Therefore, studies with larger and more inclusive sample sizes are needed to reach firm conclusions. Moreover, the relationship between medication/therapy and the changes in BPD patients’ brain activities also needed to be explored.

The "zone of proximal development," conceived by the eminent Soviet psychologist Lev Vygotsky, describes a central framework in educational psychology. Vygotsky's theory posits a two-tiered model of children's intellectual development that includes their current level of achievement and their untapped potential. The zone of proximal development (ZPD) delineates the critical space between these developmental thresholds. This paper contends that through astute observation of students' learning processes, educators can systematically bridge the gap between a student's current level of development and his or her latent potential, thus integrating the ZPD into the domain of realized development. In addition, educators can tailor their instructional strategies to their students' evolving abilities and set new educational goals with the overarching goal of placing students at the centre of the learning experience. This approach is designed to cultivate and enhance students' abilities to learn independently. The following sections provide a comprehensive synthesis and analysis of various teaching methodologies rooted in the theoretical framework of the Zone of Proximal Development. Through a careful examination of these approaches, we seek to illuminate the dynamic interplay between pedagogical strategies and the ZPD, paving the way for more effective and student-centred English language teaching.

The emergence of humanistic psychology took place during the 1950s and 1960s within the United States. The school of psychology referred to as the "third force," distinct from the behavioural school and psychoanalysis, was established by Abraham Maslow and championed by Carl Rogers. The emergence of the humanistic learning theory coincided with the ascent of humanistic psychology. Humanism places emphasis on the inherent positivity and worth of human beings, as opposed to directing attention towards the examination of problematic behaviour. Furthermore, it highlights the significance of human growth and development, commonly referred to as self-actualization. The humanistic learning theory offers a comprehensive understanding of the developmental journey of individuals, emphasising the need of holistic education in nurturing and cultivating human nature. It is imperative to prioritise the cultivation of learners' inspiration and creative potential, while also providing guidance on integrating cognition and experience. This approach facilitates the affirmation of their abilities and ultimately leads to the attainment of self-realization. The humanistic learning theory places emphasis on the establishment of a conducive learning environment that enables individuals to experience the world through their own unique lens, foster comprehension of it, and attain the utmost level of self-actualization. This article uses the review method and combines humanistic learning theory to explore the application of humanistic theory in education and concludes that humanism has problems. Only by applying it to practice and continuously developing and improving it can its value be realized. The paper focuses on applying humanism in a few countries or regions, failing to explore fully and ignoring the lack of conditions for comprehensive popularization of primary education in some regions. Therefore, the issues of concern and suggestions given are not universally applicable and feasible on a global scale, and it also attempts to explain why humanistic education has not been widely implemented in China.

Presidential leadership in the U.S. is very much dependent on the seemingly rational support from voters, which can be obtained through the presentation of charisma. This paper delves into the compelling role of charismatic leadership in shaping the outcomes of American presidential elections, focusing on the charismatic appeals of John F. Kennedy, Ronald Reagan, and Barack Obama. By analyzing their distinctive campaigns and contextualizing their charisma within historical and socio-political frameworks as well as pre-existing works on charismatic leadership cross the globe, the study illuminates the intricate interplay between individual magnetism, strategic messaging, and collective resonance. While charisma emerges as a potent campaign tool, its impact is multifaceted and contingent upon contextual factors, making it a complex force in the electoral process. Through this analysis of charismatic leadership, this paper aims to understand how presidents in the US can be re-evaluated. The paper conclude that charisma played a pivotal role in the campaigns and presidencies of Kennedy, Reagan, and Obama, each leveraging their unique charismatic qualities, such as physical attractiveness, authoritative aura, inspirational rhetoric, and the ability to provide collective coping mechanisms.

Under the commercial development of today's film industry and the purpose of recreating excellent texts, there are many film adaptations based on excellent classic literary works. These adaptations attract both literary and film and television audiences. Through the analysis of the audition language and literary original work of The Great Gatsby (2013), this paper summarizes the aesthetic characteristics and limitations of adaptations from classic literature. According to the research, it can be concluded that film adaptations of classic literature bring the literature of some original works, insightful narration, and more aesthetic images to the screen. In the meantime, the characteristics of the film itself add limitations to the subjective world where the text could be extended endlessly. The key to overcoming the limitations is to go beyond the adaptation of "respecting the original work" and take an outright advantage of the characteristics that only films have and are difficult to ignore.

Teacher diversity has emerged as a crucial factor in shaping the education landscape. This paper conducts an extensive analysis of multiple studies to explore the multifaceted impact of teacher diversity on various dimensions of education. The research is categorized into three significant themes: the influence of teacher diversity on student academic performance and self-esteem, cultural responsiveness in teacher education, and the challenges teachers face in the context of cultural and linguistic diversity. Additionally, this paper examine the potential implications of a diverse teaching workforce on the broader education system. This comprehensive analysis aims to provide a holistic understanding of the contributions of diversity to education.

Ang Lee's Father Trilogy shows the conflicts and counterbalances generated in different cultural contexts, presents the problems based on family, expounds the identity dilemma of individuals in cross-cultural communication, and leaves a space for better solutions in cultural communication. By discussing different dimensions of eastern and Western culture, tradition, and modern culture, this paper analyzes the causes and manifestations of conflicts in different cultural contexts, the distinct mechanisms of mutual conflict, and the final result of conflict. Through the study of typical individuals, it explains the characteristics and difficulties of cultural exchange at the present stage, and further concludes that the inducement of cultural context conflict is that different ideologies represented by various cultures stimulate different behavior patterns, thus causing conflicts. The rivalry between the two sides leads to different outcomes, such as isolation, compromise, and absorption.

With the internet development in China, social media is becoming more and more popular, and many older people are beginning to use social media. Thus, a generation gap regarding identities on social media begins to appear. In this article, the author focuses on the generation gap in WeChat profile pictures between Generation Z and Generation X. The author uses Netnography and in-depth interviews to examine and analyze the differences between the WeChat profile pictures and the reasons behind one’s choice of social media profile pictures of the two generations. The author categorizes the sampled WeChat profile pictures based on the nine cultural spheres and analyzes the differences and their causes based on the cultural spheres. Dramaturgy, identity symbols, developmental psychology, and history are being used to analyze the reasons behind these differences. This study reveals how the introduction of foreign culture into China and identity symbols influence the choice of profile pictures for Gen Z and Gen X.

China has a substantial student population with a global reputation for teaching to the test over an extended period. The recent uncovering of issues surrounding exam-oriented learning has led to the public's renewed focus on quality education. Nonetheless, the actual implementation of quality-oriented education in real-life teaching and its integration with the existing exam-based system remains an imperative challenge. This paper examines two education models, analyzes the impact of exam-oriented and quality-oriented education on students and society, and takes English language education as a case study to investigate their negative and positive effects on Chinese students' EFL learning. As well as considering the current situation of rapid advancements in science and technology, this paper offers practical recommendations for implementing quality-oriented education in China.